Why are we in this business of unreasonable deadlines, less reasonable clients, challenges in earning a living, and immeasurable daily stress?

As designers, we all seem to bitch and moan about clients, projects, vendors and other aspects of the profession on a daily basis. Why do we put ourselves through the agony, torture, sleepless nights and sometimes concern if the rent will be paid at the end of the month?

The pitfalls of graphic design
We all have those moments in our design careers when we wonder if perhaps a job flipping hamburgers might be a better idea. Dealing with the battles of a project we knew we should not have taken on, working twice as hard to get paid by a client than on the actual job, the constant justification of rates and invoices, and competing with anyone with a computer calling themselves a designer can impact anyone in the industry.

For Nigel Holmes, the ultimate stumbling block for the designer is “dealing with a middleman who intervenes between you as the creator and the actual client. This often happens in advertising, but not nearly as often in magazine work, where the art director is usually ‘the client.’”

Having to be the “bad guy” presents a struggle for Sheree Clark in her position at Sayles Graphic Design.

“Because I am the ‘suit’ in our operation — meaning I am the one meeting with clients — I am also the one who has to tell our creative staff when a perfectly wonderful idea has been shot down,” Clark explains. “It’s like I have to live the terrible experience twice — once, when the client gives me the word, and then, back at the office, when I have to pass that word along to the people who created the work.”

Collecting late payments from clients, responding to e-mails and “half of the day spent tied to a keyboard” are the design business pet peeves of Petrula Vrontikis.

Clement Mok says that “Trying to professionalize the design profession.” is what he likes least about the business.

“Coming up with fees that potential clients will agree to and that will allow us to remain in business,” is the most difficult task for Ellen Shapiro. “This was not a problem until the last couple of years, but pricing is getting increasingly difficult to deal with.”

Peleg Top finds the least pleasurable aspect of graphic design to be “having to always fight for our rights as designers.”

Art Chantry is frustrated by the constant need to secure more business. “It cuts dramatically into the time I would like to spend on the actual work. The constant search, alongside the demands of simply running a business (paperwork, etc.), dominates my time,” according to Chantry. “It’s probably around a 90-to-10 percent ratio, with the creative work being the 10 percent. I’m often astonished at the huge volume of work I’ve managed to produce; how did I ever find the time?”

The joys of graphic design
For me, many negative aspects of the design field are mitigated by the positives of loving what I do for a living, using my skills and talents to visually solve the problems of clients, and the rare moments of great creativity. I love those occasions when everything comes together: the idea seems brilliant, the approval process is quick and painless, the completed design piece is just as imagined and the client is thrilled and let’s you know he or she is pleased. While these instances may be few and far between, they are what make a life and career as a designer ultimately worthwhile and gratifying.

Peleg Top gets that same feeling from “being able to create something that makes a difference, that promotes a cause or that makes profit for someone.”

Sheree Clark most enjoys getting to work with people who have a positive attitude and purpose. “Nobody comes to a graphic designer because they are terminally ill or they need an expensive engine overhaul,” says Clark. “Our clients – for the most part - are companies and individuals with a story they want to tell the world. They come to us to help get their message out; they come to have us to help them be more successful, they come because things are going well and they want them to go better. People look forward to meetings with me and my firm because they value our creativity and our advice.”

“Making an impact and helping others understand an issue,” is what Clement Mok most enjoys about the design profession. In addition, he appreciates “making the experience of the everyday and the mundane more enjoyable.”

Petrula Vrontikis finds her great pleasure in solving problems and facing interesting challenges. She says she likes learning what makes businesses and organizations “tick” as part of the design process.

“There is nothing more thrilling for me than doing good work,” adds Art Chantry. “In a way, it’s the ultimate triumph.”

All in all, graphic design is a great profession. As in any chosen field of endeavor occasionally there will be difficulties, challenges and times when murder may seem like a viable means of solving some problems.

Genevieve Gorder, of double-g, explains it in her own way when speaking about meeting the goals, demands and desires of clients.

“Fear is the biggest problem in design,” says Gorder. “It’s the fear of the unknown for people who don’t know design. What they want, they could have done a hundred times over and they haven’t,” she adds. “Don’t give them what they don’t want, but rather what they need.”

Former Saatchi and Saatchi Executive Creative Director Paul Arden takes that message further. “A client often has a fair idea of what he wants. If you show him what you want, and not what he wants, he’ll say that’s not what he asked for.” Arden comments. “If, however, you show him what he wants first, he is then relaxed and is prepared to look at what you want to sell him. You’ve allowed him to become magnanimous instead of putting him in a corner.”

Arden continues, “Give him what he wants and he may well give you what you want. There is also the possibility that he may be right.”

Designers need clients. The clients need designers. Designers need to remember that graphic design is a business. But who says you can’t have fun along the way?

Contributors mentioned in this excerpt:

Nigel Holmes/Explanation Graphics

Sheree Clark/Sayles Graphic Design

Petrula Vrontikis/Vrontikis Design Office

Clement Mok/The Office of Clement Mok

Ellen Shapiro/Shapiro Design Associates, Inc.

Peleg Top/Top Design

Art Chantry/Art Chantry Design Company

Genevieve Gorder/double-g (no link available)

References:

Arden, Paul, It’s Not How Good You Are, It’s How Good You Want to Be, Phaidon Press, 2003

Shapiro, Ellen, The Graphic Designer’s Guide to Clients: How to Make Clients Happy and do Great Work, Allworth Press, 2003

Note: This excerpt from my book, The Savvy Designer's Guide to Success: Ideas and tactics for a killer career, originally appeared on the website Creative Latitude.

The Savvy Designer's Guide to Success was released in 2009 as a PDF on CD from HOWBookstore.com

© 2009 Jeff Fisher LogoMotives

2002 Articles about Jeff Fisher LogoMotives

Designer: Official Publication of the University & College Designers Association (Fall 2002)

Extra! Extra! Read All About You: Making the Most of Media Relations, TCG eZine, by Julie Sims (June 2002)

Interview: Ilise Benun - Self-Promotion Online: What To Do When the "Product" is You, TCG eZine (February 2002)

Sports Logos

(Clockwise from upper left)

Portland Fire Boosters
Client: Portland Fire/WNBA
Location: Portland, OR USA

The Portland Fire joined the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) in 2000 as the counterpart to the NBA team the Portland Trail Blazers, and was in existence until the end the 2002 season. This logo identified the team's fan organization.

Cascade Cup 2001
Client: Rose City Softball Association
Location: Portland, OR USA

The Cascade Cup is the Pacific NorthWest’s premiere softball tournament for the GLTB sports community. It is hosted by the Rose City Softball Association. The logo appears in The Big Book of Logos 3 and Logos From North to South America (Spain).

Wheelies
Client: Zeyoh, Inc.
Location: Portland, OR USA

The Wheelies logo identified a golf cart wheel cover product created by a Portland golfer and her husband.

Oregon Adult Soccer Association
Client: Oregon Adult Soccer Association
Location: Portland, OR USA

The Oregon Adult Soccer Association is a private, non-profit corporation organized to promote adult soccer in Oregon. The logo is featured in The New Big Book of Logos and Logos From North to South America (Spain).

All logo designs © 2015 Jeff Fisher LogoMotives. All rights reserved.

How much should I charge?

by Jeff Fisher, Engineer of Creative Identity, Jeff Fisher LogoMotives

Think before you ask the question "How much should I charge? The answer is in the specific questions you need to ask yourself about a project.

The question of pricing often comes up in online-forums, or in face-to-face discussions between designers, as if there is one cut-and-dried answer to all design project-pricing issues. It’s unrealistic to expect that there is one definitive answer to the question of what to charge for any given project.

Many elements play into the equation resulting in a final cost estimate for a potential client, including some of the following:

• What is your experience in the field of graphic design or with a specific type of project?

• What is the amount you are currently charging as a hourly/project rate for similar projects?

• What do you feel the final project will be worth?

• What are the exact project specifications the particular client has provided?

• What is the estimated amount of time such a project will take for completion?

• What are the methods to be used to execute the project?

• What do you need to charge to cover your overhead cost and expenses on such a job?

• How badly do you want the project?

• What prices will the local geographic market will bear?

• What are competitive rates in your local area for similar work?

• How much is the client is willing to pay? (It doesn’t hurt to ask if they have a budget)

• What are you providing the client in the way of rights to use the design for future purposes?

• Is the client a for-profit or nonprofit entity, and do you price such work differently?

• And many, many more considerations…

There is just no simple generic answer. In my own case, even after over 25 years of experience in the profession, pricing is still a constantly evolving process. At times I’ve used some of the following books as guides in establishing pricing structures. I say "guides" because no one book – or online resource – is going to be the "gospel" when it comes to establishing pricing. Again, the many considerations listed above, and a variety of other elements, will come into play in establishing a price for your project.

The following is a list of published resources containing project pricing information or suggestions:

• AIGA Professional Practices in Graphic Design

• Business and Legal Forms for Graphic Designers, by Tad Crawford and Eva Doman Bruck (with a CD of business form templates)

• Digital Design Business Practices: For Graphic Designers and Their Clients, by Liane Sebastian

• Graphic Artists Guild Handbook: Pricing and Ethical Guidelines

• Graphic Designer’s Guide to Pricing, Estimating & Budgeting, by Theo Stephan Williams

• The Business of Graphic Design, by Ed Gold

• The Business Side of Creativity, by Cameron Foote

• The Creative Business Guide to Running a Graphic Design Business, by Cameron Foote

• The Graphic Designer’s Guide to Clients: How to Make Clients Happy and do Great Work, Ellen Shapiro

All provide valuable information, and some formulas, to be used in establishing your pricing structure and presenting yourself as a professional designer. Web presences such as CreativeBusiness.com, CreativePro.com, CreativePublic.com, CreativeLatitude.com, HOWDesign.com, the About.com Graphic Design site and many other Internet resources also offer articles and columns on the issue of establishing pricing.

Don’t be afraid to ask your design peers, in your local community or online, for input about general pricing formulas – but don’t expect others to price your job for you. There certainly is no harm in asking around for price ranges for various types of design efforts. However, the answers they give may not be exactly what you need to determine your own specific rates. Still, the responses you obtain from others in the professional will be helpful research in determining the value of your own time and work, especially when combined with information gathered from other published and online sources.

While participating in a panel discussion at the 2003 HOW Design Conference an individual from the audience asked for my mantra as a designer and I told the crowd "Work less; charge more." I do think one of the biggest mistakes designers make is not charging enough for their efforts. The only thing worse than a potential client who does not value the efforts of a professional graphic designer is a designer who doesn’t appreciate the value of their own time and work. How many times have designers walked away from a meeting with a potential client thinking something like "Damn, the client was too quick to accept my estimate; I should have asked for more?"

Over the years, each time I have raised my rates I have gotten more, not less, work. Part of that is the perception – whether true or not – that is something in more costly it must be better. That perception has fueled the "designer" fashion, fragrance and similar industries for many years. Graphic designers can use the same tactics to their advantage – rather than accepting situations such as "winning" low bids of $29 to execute a logo through an online resource. It is much better to take the "high road" in pricing, rather than considering the "low-ballers" and "design mills" as competition. If price is a potential client’s only concern, in regards to their project, I would surmise they are not the client you really want. I’m very upfront in relaying exactly that fact to possible clients.

In presenting my estimate I don’t sheepishly ask the client if a certain amount is going to be OK with them. I tell the client "the project, as you have outlined, is going to cost "X" amount." If the client responds with "Oh, that’s much more than I have budgeted for this project," I don’t give up and abandon the situation feeling dejected. My comeback is "Well, what did you budget for this project?" Often this will lead to some negotiation to a project fee that satisfies us both and I’m still above dollar the amount I need to make the project worth my time and effort. Of course, there are still those times when the client readily accepts my initial estimate and then I leave mumbling to myself "Damn, the client was too quick to accept my estimate, I should have asked for more!" The first time I told a client "Your design project is going to cost $5000" and they didn’t even flinch, I nearly "wet" myself.

Designers also need to immediately revisit the estimated costs if the project requirements are dramatically different when the approved elements are received from the client. Often the actual finalized specifications of a project may differ a great deal from what may have been originally discussed as a hypothetical design assignment. My own project agreement states; "Project may be re-estimated if, upon receipt of all project elements, the designer determines the scope of the project has been altered dramatically from the originally agreed upon concept." The designer should not be expected to stick to an original estimate if the client has made major changes to the project.

I often see Internet forum posts, or get emails, asking the question "How much should I charge for a logo?" There simply is no single answer to such a query. One of my common responses is that I would much rather make $3000 on one project than produce 20 logo designs at $150 a piece to make the same amount of money. The time spent on client communication and the administration of my business makes a rate of $150 for one logo unrealistic for me. At those fees I might as well pay the clients for the "honor" of doing their logos. It is true that not all designers can charge $3000 for a logo as they start their careers. A designer needs to take the elements listed above (and more) into consideration before conveying an intelligent estimate to a potential client for such work.

Keep good records of your time and expenses throughout a design job. Take some time to evaluate projects upon completion to determine if you are charging what you need to be to make a living in this profession. It may be necessary to adjust your fees for future jobs to be earning what you wish.

The major point I wish to convey is that all designers need to work smarter in independently determining what their talent, skill and expertise are worth and charge the client accordingly – without question or apology. Being smart in determining what you should charge for your work will hopefully allow you to "work less, charge more" in the future.

This article originally appeared on CreativeLatitude.com (August 2004), RightBrainResource.com (January 2005), and Commpiled.com (July 2005).

Right on Track:
Citibank Entrepreneur of the Month

January 2001

bizzed uncovers the success secrets behind this design extraordinaire:, the financial obstacles he overcame and advice for other entrepreneurs.

By Maria DiBenedetto

"It's not that I don't play well with others; it's just that I want to choose where, when and with whom I play." - Jeff Fisher comments on turning his dream business into a reality.

Since 1995, Jeff Fisher's work has won over 300 design awards and appears in nearly 50 books on graphics, logo design and small business marketing. So, just how exactly did this artist with a good business idea turn a $2000 loan from his grandparents and income from part-time jobs into a successful small business that has stood the test of time? (Jeff has been running his own business for nearly twenty years).

"I think I have become what I wanted to be when I grow up," says Jeff. "I wanted to be working for an internationally recognized, award-winning design firm - instead I have become one," he adds proudly. Today, Jeff Fisher LogoMotives is a successful home-based design firm in Portland Oregon, with clients throughout the United Staes and around the world.

THE INTERNET OPENED UP A NEW FRONTIER FOR JEFF'S BUSINESS
In November of 1999, Jeff's web site went live - and a whole new world opened up to him. He seamlessly began to reach and obtain clients throughout the United States and foreign countries - many of whom he has never even met personally

"What has taken place with the Internet is my ability to work from whereever I may be at the time - be it a mountaintop, a hotel room, or the beach," he adds, commenting on the increased flexibility and life balance it has afforded him.

"The Internet has been an incredible tool for doing what is necessary to do to make the new business real. Whether it's networking with others in the same situation, researching business sites, checking out the competition or getting information from the Small Business Administration; it's all at your fingertips through the Internet," he explains.

HIS INITIAL FUNDING
For the most part, the initial funding for Jeff's graphic design came out of working part-time jobs. When he first moved to Portland, he worked part-time in a picture frame shop. He had worked in restaurants, art galleries, and retail, so he knew he would always have something to fall back on if absolutely necessary.

Early on, Jeff's grandparents helped out by loaning him a small sum of money for his business venture. "It also helps to have a supportive partner in life, who can help play the 'musical money' game when required," he adds. "A bank would have laughed me out of their office at the time."

When Jeff started his business in 1980 right out of college, he literally had nothing. "This was pre-personal computers, and in fact, I had never even seen a computer."

For nearly the first ten years of his business all work was done by hand. All original art work was drawn with a rapidiograph ink pen. All ads, brochures, newsletters, magazines were produced in the old "cut and paste" method.

The expenses came later with the need for a computer, software, a printer and all the other items required to technically run a design office. Then, of course, he needed to upgrade equipment on a regular basis.

He now owns: a large desktop system, a color laser printer, a work-horse black and white laser printer, a color inkjet printer, a laptop computer, a portable color ink-jet printer, a CD burner, a fax machine/copier and more. "In equipment alone I probably made a $35,000 - $45,000 investment. I also own a library of over 200 design books and mannuals - the same books I could never afford as a student!"

A WINDING ROAD: OVERCOMING HURDLES TO PURSUE HIS PASSION
Jeff's desire to study graphic design in college was not met with enthusiasm. "I don't know how many times I heard, 'You will never be able to make a living as a designer or an artist," he adds.

During the course of his first year at the University of Oregon, he began to feel as if all the naysayers were right. "I hated the graphic design program and was ready to quit school," he adds.

A friend in the advertising program suggested Jeff speak to one of the professors in the Journalism School. "However, I would be required to take all the required journalism coursework to be able to take the design courses I wanted," says Jeff. The investment paid off for Jeff. The classes he took in typography, public relations, marketing, journalistic writing and advertising would make him much more successful as a designer later in his career.

While at the University of Oregon, he got a part-time job as the graphic designer for the advertising department of the daily college newspaper, The Oregon Daily Emerald. With that position, his career in design began...

THE EARLY YEARS: A PRELUDE TO ENTRPRENEURSHIP
"I think I have always had the entrepreneurial spirit," says Jeff. "As a young boy I can remember picking the blossoms off my mother's favorite roses and, with the help of my sister and brothers, mashing them in water, bottling it as perfume and selling it to our neighbors," he adds. At the time, he didn't realize he would be successful years later in a different creative field.

Jeff's interest in design and art began as far back as grade school in Salem, Oregon. By the time he had graduated from high school he'd exhibited his artwork in several galleries, won several art awards and had three one-man shows of his work.

When he moved to Portland, Oregon in the fall of 1980 he had no intention to work for himself. "Thinking I was pretty hot stuff, I assumed I would be working for one of the major advertising firms in the city," admits Jeff. Unfortunately, the recession arrived in Portland the same week, and Jeff couldn't find a job.

THE POWER OF NETWORKING
However, that did not stop him from talking to any advertising person who would open their door to him. "I never asked people if they had a job for me when requesting time with them. I asked if they would talk to me about advertising as a career and their experiences in the field. People love to talk about themselves." Soon these same people were calling him with freelance design projects and giving his name to other potential clients. "By accident, I had started my own design firm."

TURNING THE DREAM INTO A REALITY
"In junior high, high school and college I actually would dream of being a 'famous' graphic designer. I would go to libraries or bookstores and thumb through design books dreaming of the day my work would appear for all to see." At that time, he couldn't even afford the books - now he owns an entire graphic design library.

HOW DID JEFF GET HIS "BIG BREAK"?
It seems as if his "big break" took about 15 years to arrive. "For those 15 years I took on any and every design project that came my way. I was busy, and making a living, but not always thrilled with the projects. I was the most happy with my work when designing logos," he adds.

Still, he began to do more and more logo design. His sister, Sue Fisher, had opened a public relations and advertising firm in Bend, Oregon and began to send logo design projects his way.

Jeff decided to add "Jeff Fisher" to the business name "LogoMotives." With this company name change, he could convey his reputation of more than 15 years and tell potential clients what he actually designed. The result was almost immediate in more identity projects coming his way. "With more exposure to the name Jeff Fisher LogoMotives clients began to seek me out and I had to do less searching for work," he adds.

WHAT'S IN A NAME...
With the focus on what he enjoyed doing most - his work also improved a great deal. Major clients, with projects other than logo design, began to contact me including: The Portland Trail Blazers, The Seattle Seahawks and others big names.

In changing the focus of his business to logo design, he took on a new attitude about his work and began to accept it as a REAL business. "For years, I had told people I was a freelance designer and the reaction was not always positive. The term "freelance" also implied that my work had less value than that of a person in a traditional employment position," explains Jeff. "When I started treating myself more like a business others did as well," he adds.

REVISING HIS MARKETING STRATEGY
Jeff also changed his strategy in marketing his business. He no longer participated in print advertising or direct mail promotions. Instead, Jeff shifted that budget to the entry fees required to enter international and national graphic design competitions. The results came quickly. To date, he has won over 300 design awards for his logos. Many such competitions result in design books or annuals being published. "You would be amazed at the number of potential clients contacting me after seeing my work in various design books, while flipping through them at their local book store," he adds.

WHAT SORT OF HR OR HIRING TIPS DOES JEFF HAVE FOR OTHER PEOPLE STARTING-UP?
"Being able to let go of various aspects of your business where you can really use help is probably the most difficult thing to do," he says. He suggests that anyone considering starting their own business determine what they most want to be doing in the venture - and what they do not want to do.

"I do not like tracking the finances of my business and I do not do it." His partner and his accountant (who has lots of experience with "creative types") have trained him to sort all receipts and other financial items into pre-prepared envelopes each year. Then, they take care of the paperwork. "I know it will get done properly and I don't have to become a neurotic mess dealing with it," he adds.

JEFF'S ADVICE FOR SOMEONE LOOKING TO START A BUSINESS?
Jeff's best piece of advice is to find a business that involves doing something you truly enjoy doing on a regular basis. "Don't just start a business just because you see a need for it in a certain location or at a certain time. You must have a passion for the business - especially since it will consume you and your life at times," he adds.

So often people are not open to the opportunities right before them when it comes to stating their own business. "I think I was guilty of that in not focusing on logo and corporate identity design much sooner," says Jeff. Many people overlook the skills, passion, and knowledge within them-selves when considering a new venture. "It may require stepping away from the project a bit, getting the advice of friends about your ideas or what they see as your strong points, and talking to people in business so you don't necessarily have the same difficulties they may have had along the way," he adds.

MAKING IT HAPPEN
"Do the research and leg work," says Jeff. As someone who works with many people starting new businesses, he notices a smarter and more realistic entrepreneur in today's economy. "People are not doing the old Mickey Rooney/Judy Garland 'let's put on a show' routine and immediately opening a new business." Lately he's had numerous clients come to him to start the design process on their business identity a year or 18 months prior to their scheduled business opening. "They are carefully researching all aspects of the business, allowing a reasonable amount of time for all tasks associated with opening the new business," he notes

JEFF'S SUCCESS MANTRA
His friends and clients would probably agree that his mantra actually is to work less and charge higher fees! "The odd thing is that each time I have raised my rates - I get more potential clients and end up working more. There is the perception that if it cost more it must be good, or better," he explains.

Meanwhile, Jeff has built a home-based business that affords him the freedom to pave his own way. "It's not that I don't play well with others; it's just that I want to choose where, when and with whom I play." That was a goal early on in his career and it becomes more real every day.

This article, written by Maria DiBenedetto, was originally posted on Citibank's www.bizzed.com in March 2001

© 2007 Jeff Fisher LogoMotives

2001 Articles about Jeff Fisher LogoMotives

Designer: Official Publication of the University & College Designers Association (Spring 2001)

Giving Thanks, Wells Fargo Small Business Roundup,
by Linda Formichelli (January 2001)

2000 Articles about Jeff Fisher LogoMotives

The Practice: What's Wrong With Spec Work?, VisualArtsTrends.com and the Canadian design publication, Exchange,
by Julia Ptasznik (Fall 2000)

Logo a Gogo, 1099 Magazine - Getting Work Column,
by Linda Formichelli (August 2000)

Web Sites for Print Designers, About.com Graphic Design,
by Judy Litt (April 2000)